Hydrocarbon-lamp.



100.0700500* MTENTBD MAY 24, 1904.

0. PBRILLAT. n y .HYDROGARBGNLAMR PPLIOATIO FILED SEPT. 12, 1090.

N0 MODEL.

' UNITED STATEs Patented Mea? 24, 1.9042.

PATENT OFFICE.

lCHARLES PERILLAT, OE BOSTON,MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOIt, BY DIRECT AND MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, TO KITSON HYDROCARBON HEATING AND INCANDESCENT LIGHTING COMPANY, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYL- VANIA, A CORPGRATION OF W'EST` VIRGINIA. i

HY'DROCRBON-LAM P.

` SPECIFICATION forming peut er Lettere Patent Ne. 760,560, dated Mey 24, 1904. K .Application iled September IZ, 1899. Serial No. 730,229. (No model.)

T0 (L ZZ whom, t may concern/.n i

Be it known that I, OHARLEs PERILLAT, a.V c1t1zen of France, residing at No.2 East Gottage street, Boston, in the county of Suffolk me are provided with a vaporizing-tube hav-v ing an oil-inlet near one end and a substantially small vapor-outlet -in the opposite end, with which cooperates a needle valve, by means of which the amount-of the vapor issu-v ing from said Voutlet may be controlled and by means of which the said outlet maybe kept clean and free from carbon deposits.

Lamps constructed as above described are defective in that the needle cannotbe removed while the lamp is in operation, because the oil 4supplied -to the vaporizer -will leak out ofthe lamp and drop therefrom when said needle is removed, which is objectionable onaccount vof the damage which might be done thereby and also on account of the disagreeable odor of the oil or hydrocarbon. y

My present invention has forA its object to -improve 'the lamps of the class described so that the cleaning and regulating needle may be removed and replaced by a new one while 'the lamp is in operation. yWithout danger of 'leakage of oill or of breaking the needle.

40v Figure lis a vertical section of a hydrocarbon-lamp embodying this invention,and

j Fig. 2 a detail in vertical section through the vaporizing-tu'be on an enlarged scale.

This invention is herein shown as embodied in what is known` as a hydrocarbon arclamp, providedwitha casing or framework 'ers and also for the purpose of clearing or -vtingfand also to dispense with the use of' pack- `ing material within the tting, and this result composed of a metal cylinder or ring a, a re- .ector b, secured thereto, a hood c, supported above'the said ring and reilector by arms or legs e.

The cylinder or casing a has detachably secured to it, as by suitable screws, (not shown,) a metal band f, which supports a glass or other globe g, which may be secured to said band in any suitable or desired-manner. The operative parts'of the lamp proper are located within the cylinder a and globe g and consist, essentially, of burners L, only one of which is shown in Fig. l, erected upon a chamber t', connected by pipes j, only one of which is shown, with a mixing-chamber 7c, suitably fastened to the cylinder a and havingA extended up into it a pipe`m, connected to a pipe n, constituting an air-supply pipe which extends through the casing t and lcommunicates with the atmosphere below the reiiector. The air-supply pipe 1t' has extended up into it, preferably in line with the pipe m, the detachable cap 2 of a tube 3,- constithting a vaporizing-chamber, the said cap havinga substantially small discharge orifice or opening 4. (See Fig. 2.) The tube 3 is detachably secured at its lower end to a fitting 5, provided with an oil-inlet passage with which communicates an oil-inlet pipe 7 leading to a suitable source of supply. The fitting 5 has extended through it a substantially long needle 8, which cooperates with the discharge-orifice 4. for-the purpose of regulating the supply of vaporto the burn- 8o freeing said orifice from any hydrocarbons 'which might be deposited on the walls thereof. -Thisiinvention has for its object to avoid leaky -age-ofoil down past the needle out of the Iitmay be accomplished, as shown, by means of la substantially small tube 10, having its lower end secured liquid-tight withinthe fitting 5 below the mouth of the inlet-pipe 7 either by 90 screw-threads, asA shown, or by brazing. The tube 10 thus securely cuts olf thevaporizingchamber surrounding the said tube from the opening in the bottom of the fitting, through which the needle is passed, so that the said needle may be entirely removed from the fitting without danger of oil admitted into the vaporiZing-chamber passing out of said fitting through said opening. For this reason broken or damaged needles may be replaced by new ones while the lamp is in operation without any damage or inconvenience resulting therefrom, as the construction prevents leakage of oil, and the change can be made before the vapors have an opportunity to escape. rlhe tube 10 is preferably made of suilicient length so that its upper end projects into the cap 2 and formstherewitha substantially small or narrow annular port 15, (see Fig. 2,) which connects the vaporizing-chamber 12 with a passage 16 in the cap and from which passage the discharge-orifice extends. The passage 16 is preferably made tapering, so that the needle may be directed into the discharge-opening 4 without danger of breaking the fine point of the needle. Y

The needle 8 is adjustably secured to a nipple 20, extended from the bottom of the titting 5 by a nut 21, having a yoke 22, which is split at its bottom, and the said needle is clamped between the split portion of the yoke, as by screws 23 24. As an additional safeguard against leakage of oil past the needle the nipple 2O may be provided with a threaded socket 25 for the reception of suitable packing material, (not here shown,) which may be compressed about the needle by a hollow adjusting-screw 26, which, itwill be noticed, is accessible from outside the lamp and which therefore enables the packing in the socket to be adjusted while the lamp is in operation, if required.

The vaporizer element asan entirety, in-

cluding the outer tube or casing 3, its nipple or closing device 2, having the jet-orifice, the inner tube or casing, the needle-Valve, and valve-rod, is secured to the burner by means of the threaded sleeve at 40, adapted to engage with the collar or support, said collar or support being carried by the burner-frame, and when desired this part of the structure can be readily detached for cleaning, repairing, or fitting of parts.

In the operation of the lamp the hydrocarbon oil admitted into the chamber 12 is vaporized therein by the heat from the burners, and the .said vapor rises in said chamber and passes through the port 15 into the passage 16, from which it passes into the air-pipe a and thence through the pipe m into the mixing-chamber 7c. rlhe vapor passing through the pipe m draws pure air through the pipe n, and the said air and vapors are mixed in the chamber t'. This mixture is then conducted through the pipes y' to the burners, where it is consumed, and the products of combustion rise and pass through the casing a into the chamber 30, formed bythe hood, and from this chamber the consumed gases pass into the atmosphere above the reflector. It will thus be seen that the air-supply for the lamp is separated by the reflector from the immediate vicinity and vitiating iniuence oi the consumed gases, which results in a more perfect combustion at the burners and also avoids the disagreeable effects of imperfect combustion of hydrocarbons.

The burners 71, may be lighted by means of alcohol placed in a depression or cavity 3l in the top wall of the chamber v', and which is ignited by a flame inserted up through a tube 35, attached to the wall of the burner-chamber 1i. The vaporiZing-tube 3 is extended up through the burner-chamber ff and is detachably secured thereto by a threaded collar or nut 40, fast on said tube.

It will be seen that the jet-oriiice from which the vapor iinall y escapes under pressure into immediate contact with the air (with which it is to mingle in the mixing-chamber) is directly controlled by the needle-val ve and that the Vapor escapes from this orifice by traveling in the direction toward which the needle points, it, in fact, moving along and around the needle-point as it impinges upon the air. It is at this jet-orilice oi iinal escape for the vapor that there is a tendency for carbon bodies to deposit and accumulate, and these must be removed in order to not only permit the escape of vapor, but also to accurately and delicately control the jet. Attempts have been heretofore made to provide this relative arrangement of the jet-oriicc, the air-supply duct, and the mixing-chamber by employing a vertical]y-arranged needle-valve in conjunction with an upwardly-directed jetorifice for the escape of the vapor; but, as herein described, the earlier constructions aiming at this have been of such design that if the needle should be withdrawn to allow the escape of the deposits or for the repairing or replacing of the needle there was an escape ol oil. rlhis I prevent by so constructing the Vaporizer as to have a liquid-receiving and vapor-generating chamber with an outer wall or casing and an inner wall or casing connected tightly to the outer one at the bottom and situated around the needle and extending upward to such point as to prevent the oil from coming into contact with the needle and from escaping when the needle is withdrawn. The needle can be manipulated in any way desired when the lamp is in operation either i'or cleaning the jet-orilice, for regulating thel jet, or for completely withdrawing it. 1t will be iurther seen that the guard-tube or inner casing has an interior chamber of a diameter considerably larger than that ot' the needle-valve and providing a chamber directly below the jet-orifice, which receives the carbon or other deposits that may be released from the walls of the jet orifice, this chamber being inde- TOO IlO

' fitting and provided in its opposite end with pendent ofthe liquid-receiving space, so that provision is made both for keeping the orifice clean and for preventing the introducing of impurities into the vaporizing or liquid chamber; but the other features of construction and operation, it willbe understood, are not dependent upon having the inner guard-tube or casing of any particular interior diameter,

as they-principal purpose can be Inet so long as it is large enough to avoid the liquid from contacting with the valve or valve-rod, nor are the novel features of the invention to be limited to any precise position of the longitudinal axis ofthe vaporizing-tube in relation V I herein show to the vertical or horizontal. this tube and the valve and valve-rodas supported on vertical lines and for convenience.

describe thefvaporizer as below the mixing- .chamber and the vapor-jet orifices as being upwardly directed; but it will bereadily seen that if Vthe positions of the several parts rela-- tive to each other be retained the entire systernof parts can be placed so as to have the longitudinal axis ofthe vaporizer horizontal or inclined Wi-thout departing from the characteristic matters.

`l. In a'lamp of theclass described, the combination of the following instrumentalities, viz: a fitting provided with a liquid-inlet port, a vaporizing-tube secured at one endv to said a substantially small discharge-orifice or vapor-outlet, a smaller tube within the vaporizing-tube and secured liquid-tight to said fitting beyond said oil-inlet, and a needle-valvea vaporizing-tube secured to said fitting, a`

cap on the free'end of said tube provided with a substantially small discharge orifice and with a tapering passage leading thereto, a smaller tube within the vaporizing-tube and secured liquid-tight to said fitting at its lower end below the said liquid-inlet, an extension on said fitting provided with-a threaded socket and with screw-threads on its exterior, a hol-- low screwinserted into said threaded socket and accessiblefrom outside of said fitting, a needle extended through said hollow screw and fitting, into said inner tube, and a nutengaging said extension and to which said needle is secured, substantially as described.

8. In a vapor-burner of the class described,

the combination of the burner, a mixing-chamv ber, a liquid-'supply pipe, a vaporizer between' the liquid-supply pipe and the mixing-chamber, said vaporizer having an outer compartment and an inner compartment and a vaporjet orifice directly over the inner compartment,

the outer compartment communicating with the liquid-supply pipe, the inner compartment being cut off from direct communication with the said liquid-supply pipe, and the two compartments communicating with each other at points in the vapor-generating region remote" from the liquid-entrance whereby the liquid is prevented from entering the inner compare' and the inner tube or casing providing a liquid-receptacle outside off the inner tube, and also a vapor-holding retort-chamber adjacent to the j et-orifice, a mixing-chamber above said orifice, a vapor-conductor having a duct lead- Ting from said orifice to said mixing-chamber, 1an air-conductor supplying air to the'saidva- :por-duct at points above the jet-orifice, a vertically-arrangedneedle-valve having a valverod situated within the inner casing of the vaporizer and extending from points below the liquid-receptacle to the said jet-orifice and detachable from the burn er without releasing oil, said parts being arranged substantially as set forth to cause the vapor to pass directly upward with the air into the mixing-chamber and to prevent the liquid from contacting with the valve-rod.

5. In a vapor-burner of the class described, the combination of the burner and mixingchamber, a conductor having a vapor-duct extending from the mixing chamber to the burner, an air-supplying conductor, a vaporizer below-the mixing-chamber having va liquid-port and a jet-orifice directed through the air-duct toward the mixing-chamber, aneedle.- valve for saidv jet-orifice having a valve-rod extending through the vaporizer, and a guardtube in the vaporizer around the needlefvalvevv arranged to prevent the liquid from contacting with the valve, said parts being disposed substantially as set forth whereby the vaporjet as it escapes vfrom said orifice impinges directly upon the air in its passage toward the mixing-chamber whereby the deposits in the orifice can be dislodged by the valve, and whereby the valve can be withdrawn without escape of oil.

6. VIn a vapor-burner, the combination with .the mixing-chamber, the-burner and the airinlet tube communicating with the mixing-v chamber, of the vaporizing element having an outer tube witha vapor-Jet orifice at vone end,

and an inner tube tightly connected to the outer tube at points remote from the jet-oriiice whereby there is formed an outer coinpartrnent and an inner compartment, the outer compartment communicating with the said jet-orifice and having an inlet-port for fluid hydrocarbon at points between the vapor-jet orifice and the points where the tubes are tightly connected, a needle-valve in the said jet-orifice, and the valve-rod passing through the inner tube and protected by the latter from contacting with said fluid, substantially as set forth.

7. In a vapor-burner having a mixingchamber an air-supply pipe and a burner, a vaporizer having an outer tube 3, the nipple or closing device 2 with a jet-orifice and secured to said tube 3, the inner tube 10, means for securing the inner tube to the outer tube with a fluid-tight joint, and the outer tube having a port for conducting fiuid at points between said joint and the jet-orifice, a necdle-Valve for said orifice, and a needle-valve passing through the inner tube, substantially as set forth.

8.) In a vapor-burner, the combination with the mixing-chamber, the burner and the airinlet tube for the mixing-chamber, of the vaporizing element attached to the aforesaid parts and bodily separable therefrom, said vaporizing element having a fluid-receiving tube 3, a nipple or closing plug 2 secured thereto and provided with a ict-orifice coniinunicating with the chamber in the said tube, a needle-valve for the said orifice, a valve-rod extending through the transverse planes of the receiving-chamber in the said tube, and means surrounding said valve-rod and interposed between it and the ii uid in the said tube, said valve and valve-rod being detachable from the vaporizer, substantially as set forth.

9. In a vapor-burner of the class described, the combination of the burner, the mixingchaniber connected with the burner, a liquidsupply pipe, a vaporizer between said pipe and mixing-chamber and having a jet-orifice for the escapo of vapor under pressure, a vertically-arranged needlenf'alvc with a valve-rod passing through the vaporizer, and a guardwall around the valve-rod adapted to prevent the contacting of liquid therewith and having a chainber below the jet-orifice independent of the liquid-receiving chamber and adapted to receive the deposits dislodged froin the jotorifice walls, substantially as set forth.

In testimony whereof l have signed 1u y name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

CHARLES PERIIJLAT.

Witnesses:

JAs. H. CHURCHILL, J. hIUurHY. 

